Internal-combustion engine.



H. K BENTE.

NAL come() INTER STIOEJ ENGHNE As. SHEETS-5mn 1,

APPLICATION FXLED UEC.30.19\5 4 Pmien'zad mpi:

inw/@nim N FILED DECA 3Q 1916.

Witnesses H. K. BENTE.

INTERNAL coNNusTioN ENGINE.

APPLiCATlOzl FILED DEC. 30. 19ML Patented Apr. 2, PMS.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4 ,a fw inventar frm.

. portions being ortica HENRY K.IBE1\TTE,. 0F SEDALIA, MISSOURI.

XNTEBNAIPCOMBUSTION ENGINE.

meenam.'

Specilcetion of Letters Patent.

' .application led December 30,1916. Serial No. 139,869.

To all whom z' may concern.'

Be it known' Athat-I HENRY K. Benin, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at Sedalia, in the county of Pettis and State of Missouri, have invented a new and useful InternalCombustion Engine, of which the following is a specification.

he present invention appertains to internal combustion engines, and aims to r0- vide an engine having assembled therewith a novel and improved valve mechanism for controlling in a most eective manner, the intake and exhaust of the lrespective cylin` ders, the present invention being applicable to engines having one, four, six, eight or more cylinders with equal propriety and success.

It is the object of the vide .valves assembled with the cylinders 1n invention to pro- Y a unique manner, and operable in a novel manner, to provide for the intake and exhaust at the proper moments.

With the foregoing and other objects in View which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts andvin .the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that changesin the precise embodiment of the invention herein disclosed can be made within the scope of what is claimed without departing from the spirit of the invention.`

e invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein z-f Figure 1 is a horizontal section of a four cylinder engine, this section being taken on the line 1-1 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken on the line 2-2 of Fi'g. 1. v

Fig. 3 is asectional detail illustrating the actuating means for one pair of valves.

Figsnt and 5 are perspective views of one pair of valves separated from one another, broken away. Fig. 6 is av section of an eight (twin) cylinder engine embodying the present improvements,= this section -being taken on the line 6-6yiof Fig. 7.

FiO; 7 is a vertical Vsection taken on the line it of Fig. e.

Figs. 8 and 9 are perspective views of one pair or' valves of the twin cylinder engine separated from one another, portions being 'broken away.

Fig. 10 isasectional view similar to Fig.

paralisi with the Cyiinder. aached to the Y rotation tin the crank lor partitions between the 7, illustrating another modification for use in a multicylinder engine.

ig. 11 is a sectional view taken on the line l1-11 of Fig. 10.

he present improvements can be used in engines having various numbers of .cylinders, and as illustrated the improvements are applied to a four cy inder and an eight cylinder engine, which will be taken p in the order named. The application of the invention to other en when the invention is otter understood.

Referring particularly to Fi 1 to 5, inelusive, there are provided iour upright cylinders 1 having their lower-open ends attached to the crank which cylinders the istons 3 are mounted for reciprocatiom dad pistons are conaeusualbyl pitmenor fconnecting with the crank shaft 5 mounted for case 2. l In carrying out the invention, each cylinder 1 has cast integral therewith or attached thereto a vertical cylindrical valve casing 6 open at both ends and disposed rods 4 upper ends of the valve casings 6 is the discharge manifold 7, and the valve casings 6' are provided at their outer sides with ntake ports 8 adjacent their upper ends. An intake manifold 9.'- is attached lto the Water jacket surroundin the cylinders to communicate with the intake ports 8, and the walls casings 6 are, provided 'with ports 10 adjacent the upper ends or heads of the cylinders and the upper ends of the casings 6. The ports 10 are in the same horizontal plane vas the ports 8, although this is not compulsory.

Slidahle within tubular or sleeve valve 11, and a cylindrical valve 12 'is mounted for sliding movement within the-sleeve valve 11. The valve 11 is provided with a port 13 at one side adapted to move into and out of registra- Patenteol Apr. 2, i916. A

ues will be obvious ."case 2, and within.

each valve casing 6 is aV cylinders 1 and tion with the intake port 8, and said valve 11 has an opposite port 14 adapted to move into and out of registration with the port 10I leading into the cylinder. The ports 13 and 14 are arranged of 'the valve 11, and the valve 12 is provided adjacent its upper end with a port 15 ex` tending laterally therethrough and adapted to register with the ports 13 and 14 simulta- N adjacent the upper end f'afsprocket wheel l) is secured upon the` shait 18 and 1s connected by o sprocket chain 'i'with a sprocket wheel 2l secured to the mind l y y meiner neously. The upper ene oi the valve i2 has an upstanding shutter or wing 1G adapted to cover the port i3 under Certain conditions while the port 14;' is uncovered. The

sleeve valve 11. is provided with packing; ,rings i7 above und below its ports boerin@n agonist the walls of the casing 6, and the\ vulve is provided vv'ith'siniilnr packing' rings 17 bearing against the wells of then valvell, whereby to prevent leakage.

Thevnlve'actuating i'neane enibodies a valve crank shaft: 1 8 ,mounted for rotation within the crank tusingut one side of 'the 'inain (1i-onli shaft 5 and nier-ated at one haiiv the speed oi the crai'ilcshuft .'lhus,

slieft' and of adiaineter one-half that of '-the sprocket wheel 19. The crank shafts can'be connected-.1n any other suitable inanner, however, to` provide for the proper Speed ratio between thcni.

The crunk shaft t 'connected' Vby a pinnen or connecting "i'od 9:2 'with 'each :vulve l2, the lower end of saidvalvc having :1 recess 23 receiving the.' upper end of the connecting rod, and a "wrist pin 2st being secured. to the valve withrv'intherecess 23 with which the connecting rod is enenged.I `llacli of .the valves` ll is "connected ny, a connecting rod or pitmnn with theel-ank .sh-.ift 18, the valve 11 being n'ovided at its lower end with n.1 dc iendino D 'ing engaged with the respective cranks 2T 'f f ""and'Q, and said cranks being' set :it :in angle 4 ofof'QO degrees relative to one `another.v

' *ln operation, vthe vulve nieehanisin is so i ,"'ti'ined relative to the movement of the pis Atons, that the valves of the resiwetiveI cylinf "dersopeiate in succession.` Then the pis- "ovalvesLthe eonfiecting rods 22 and 25 beeoiton' 3 of u cylinder 1 reachesthe end of. its

561.28 will Vhe exhaust Stroke Aand startsy downwardly.

*through its intake stroke, `the crank shaft v"rotating'; inthe direction of the arrow in liipg.` i?, the respective vulve cranks Q/Ziind l :in-tiring. upwardly and downwardljyg"respectively,fin the saine .direction rrotation esfthe crank shaft; 5. During in'til'i vilteof theu piston 3, the `ports l i' o rvtlhe sleeve vulve ll register L :il ewvith the respective ports 8 and, 10', and .the

wardly, whereby the 4valve ll closes tizio ports S-JlO, the casing 6 closes the ports MWI/i, and the valve l2 closes the ports lf3-4.1i, thereby positively cutting ofi' the communication between the intake manifold and cylinder. When the respective crank o'l the crankshaft 5 is in its lowerxnost position. eiter the piston 3 has reached the end orf its intake stroke, the valve 12 is moved to its highest position, and the valve l is in its intermediate position during its downward. movement with the ports 810, 13, 14 and 15 all closed. VDuring theupward movement oi the piston 3 through its conipi'ession stroke, the valve 11 continues its downwn rd movement, keeping the ports 8, 10, 1:5 and 14: closed, and the valve 12 during the .compression stroke ofthe pistonmoves downwardly to un intermediate position. 'lhe ports are thus closed during the compression stroke of thev piston, whereby the .charge within the cylinder will be yconipressed, 'without the liability of leakage oecurring. When the piston has reached the Vend of its connn'ession stroke, the valve li .Y mediate position, and the viilve l2 is moved earZ to which theupper end of. the,` contjnecting ro'd'l pivoted. The crank shaft yilhis a pair'o'f cranks 27-28 :for each pair downwardly to its lowermost position, the

port 10 beingseuled by the valve during .the explosion. "E hen, when the piston moves upwardly through its exhaust stroke, the sleeve valve l1 in beingr raised above lts 1nterinediete position brings the ports 13-14 into register with the ports 8-10, the upper' `cud of the valve l?, being below the .port lst, while the baiie 16 of the valve 12 closesV the port 13. lLoinInunication is therefore establishedbetween the exhaustnianifold 7 andthe cylinder 1, whereby the burnt charge will be ejected from the` cylinder into. theexhanst manifold during the exhaust stroke olfJthe piston, and 'when the piston reaches the end ot its exhaust stroke, the operation repented. lit-will be noted that when the ports 8, 13,15, Li and 10 aline or, `register :is seen in Fig. 2, the upper portions of theIk valves 1l. and "if: will provide a vbarrierbetween the exhaust manifold 7 and Said ports, whereby to prevent the burnt charge withi the manifold being sucked back into the "seri/es to incr-ease the leakresisting qualities ot the 'valves by closing any possible crev- .eylindein The ntility ofthe Ivalvesv is not.

ieee or gaps throu h which leakage might.

occur.` The valves in' sliding relative to one another and in ehdmo .vitlnn the easing 6, provide e shearing action adgacent the ports,

meneer whereby to remove carbonv deposits from the valves and valve casing, thus keeping the valves and their casing comparatively clean, the particles of carbon `being blown out with the exhaust. It will of course be understood that the cranks 27-28 of the valve crank shaft 18 are arranged in successive positions, the same asv the cranks of the crank shaft 5, whereby the valves of the cylinders operate in regular order. The pairs of cranks S27-28 are set at the saine angles relative to one another as the cranks of the .crank shaft. By detaching the exhaust manifold 7, the valves are exposed, and then by disconnectingbthe connecting rods Q/25, the valves can e Withdrawn through the Vupper ends of their casings 26, for purpose of examination, repair or replacement.

The eight cylinder construction illus-- open ends'to the crank casing 2, and the pistons 3 which work within the cylinders are connected by the connecting' rods 4 with the cranks of the crank shaft 5 mounted for: rotation in the crank casing 2. The

casting 1a of which the cylinders 1 are a part, is provided with vertical open ended tubular valve casings 6 in the median plane of the engine between the opposite cylinders, and each valve casing is united with 4one pair of the cylinders. The upper ends of the casings 6 have attached thereto the exhaust manifold 7 and the cylinder casting is provided with tubular branches or intake ports 8 extending from the casings 6 adjacent their upper ends to one side thereof and connected to the longitudinal `intake manifold 9 arranged Within the water jacket at one side of the casings 6 between the cylinders. The manifold 9 extends to one end of the water jacket for the attachment of the carbureter. The :walls or portionsbetween each casing 6 and the respective pair of cylinders are provided with ports or passages 10 preferably arranged in substantially the same horizontal plane as the ports 8. A tubular or sleeve valve 11! is slidable within each casing 6, and a piston or cylindrical valve 12 is slidable within each sleeve valve 11', the same as with the structure above described. The valve l1 has a port 13 to register with the respective intake port 8', and said valve has a pair of ports 14 to register simultaneously with the respective ports 10 of the adyacent cylinders. The valve 12 is' provided with a three-branched or T-sliaped port or passage 15 whose branches are adapted to registersimultaneously with the ports 13 and 14',

and the upper end of said valve 12 has a baffle 16 for closing the port 13 during the exhaust stroke of the respective pistons. The valves are also provided with packing rings 17 above and below their ports to avoid leakage. The operating mechanism for the valves is practically the saine as that l.above described, the same reference characters being used, so that a reiteration will not be necessary.

The operation of the eight or twin cylin der engine is practically the saine as that of the four cylinder engine above described, but due to the duplication of the ports 10 and 14, each valve device simultaneously controls the intake and exhaust of a pair of cylinders. The operation will no doubt be apparent from the foregoing, since it is substantially the same with the exception that, as above intimated, the cylinders are arranged in pairs, and each pair is simultaneously brought into communication at the proper time with the intake andexhaust manifolds. y

In the modication depicted in Figs. 10 and 11, the connecting rods 4l of each pair of pistons 3 are connected to the same crank 0f the crank shaft 5 instead of separate cranks, as shown in Fig. 7. This necessitates some changes in the valves, and this modification also includes other changes in the valve construction that are of advantage. Thus, the cylindrical valve casing 6a is in communication with the head end of the cylinders by way of the ports 10, but the intake port 8a of the valve casing 6a is offset inwardly or downwardly from. the ports 10, as well as the port 13a of the sleeve valve 11a. The other ports lll:a of the sleeve valve are adapted to register with the ports 10, one port 14a extending slightly inwardly or downwardly beyond the other port 14, whereby to register with the correspending ports 10 first.l As illustrated, the right hand piston 3 moves slightly ahead of the left hand piston 3', as seen in Fig.

10, and the right hand port letzL will provide for the inlet of the fuel into the right hand cylinder 1' before the fuel flows into the left hand cylinder. The cylindrical valve 12a which slides withinv the sleeve valve 11, is

provided with a longitudinal chamber 15 having a T-shaped end providing the opposite ports 15b to register with the ports 14.*, the Iright hand pprt 15b heilig larger than the left hand 'port' 15b, in order that the right hand ports 14 and 15b will start to register before the left hand ports 14a and 15". The lower or inner end of the chamber 15a termiixates in a lateral port 15 offset downwardly or inwardly from the ports 15", and 'adapted to register with the port 13, as seen in Fig. 11. One or two intake manifolds 9a can be employed, the same communicat-y ing with the intake port 8 of the valve casing (Sea of eneh pair of cylinders. in 'this terni, Line to offsetting of the ports 8, 13a sind 15b, the shutter or wing 1G is eliininntecl, .lint the upper or outer end of the valve 3.2n

"'11 i@ iwf-lined, ns :it 16-, whereby to permit oil? the sanne of exliunsl'.gases from the right hsnnl -eylintler before the left heini cylinder. AS shown in Fig. l0, the right hand piston El has started' through its intake stroke, while the left hand piston 3 is :it 'the end of its exhaust stroke, the sleeve valve lla loeing started in its downward movement, While the valve l2 is completing its upward move- .inent Thus, the right henri ports 14 and; 1W have started to register, the port li 'registering with the port l0" at the right, so than; the gaseous fuel oen low from the niniiolil 9 through the ports 8, i3a and ib 'which have started to register, :is Seen in Fig. 11., the ifnel flowing 'romthe chenilver l5 through. the right hand 'ports l5b :incl itl into the ports 10 of the right hond eylhitler. 'When the parte have moved' eJ little further, the left hond piston 3 new starting through its intake stroke, the left henri ports i4- and 15 are brought into registration, thus enabling the fuel to 'also How into the ioitlmnd cylinder. Then when the pistons move tlnongh their compression strokes,-the vulve 1l. being moved downwardly, and the vulve 12"' being moved upwardly, will-close the ports, whereby the charges are coin-` pressel'l, seid ports remaining elosedldnring the explosion strokes ot the pistons, the charge ol the right hund piston being fired heitere the charge oi the left hand. Cylinder, (like to the advance movement of the right hand piston. During the' exhaust strokes of the pistons, the valve l2 is lower down than the valve il, so that the ports lflfere above the upper end la'of the 4valve 12a, and Said ond loa heilig inclined will enable the right hund port 14 to he brought into communi.

cation with the exhaust manifold 7 before n the lett hond port 14:, This construction vmentioned ports.

nennen? provides for the successive operation-soi the pistons oi the cylinders of each pair, es con-y` `J tre-distinguished from the simultaneous 0perntion of the pistons of the eylinlersl of ,1' euch pair, with the structure shown in Figi?. en 'Having thus'deseribed the invention, vvhet is elnimeci ne new is: in nn internal combustion engine, *el plurality of cylinders arranged in pairs, t.- "i billar valve ensings between said pnirsof 5,5 cylinders and having their outer ends open,` exhaust 'manifold extending neross said open ends of 'thlll easinge anni attached there? l to, :in intake manifold extending elongone side of. sziicl easings between the eesings 'and '6D 'respective Cylinders, said easings having in f' take erts communicating vvithtlle Vintake Inn-niold, the ensings having other ports: communicating with. the eylinders, and f vulves Working within seid 'onsings for alter! o5 nntely connecting the second mentioned ports i thereof with the intake' ports :incl open ends of the eesings. j EZ, in en 'internal Combustion engine, e' pair oeylinders, e tnloiiiler valve'esingbe'- 7G tween them havingd two ports eonneetedvvith the cylinders, said easing having 'an intake" y port end an open end for the exhansnaf sleevevzilve slidehle Within the eosing'heving three ports to register V'simult'fineoiisly 75 with said ports of the easing, a valve slid# :ifhle within the sleeve'velve having ports tof simultaneously 'register with the ports ofthe' i sleeve valve, and ineens "for rnoving said vin-ves relatively to eac-h 'other sind to theo() casing to alternately eonn'ectthe intake and" onen end ofthe easing with both ofthe first lin testimony that li claim the foregoing'zi` w 1 my own, l have-hereto iiiixed my signature 85 in the presence of tvvo Witnesses' j HENRYfKgBENTEJ f Witnesses: "f

ARTHUR'L. RANDALL; CHARLES C. Winnen. 

